How should transactions with cryptocurrency exchanges be reflected in accounting and tax records?

According to clarifications from the Federal Tax Service of Russia, cryptocurrency is recognized as property, and therefore all transactions involving it—including purchase, sale, and exchange on cryptocurrency exchanges—must be accounted for as property transactions. This means that, in accounting and tax records, an organization is required to reflect: • acquisition of cryptocurrency at the actual cost on the date of purchase, supported by appropriate documentary evidence (e.g., exchange statements); • sale or exchange as a disposal of property generating taxable income subject to corporate profit tax; • the difference between purchase and sale prices as the financial result (profit or loss), which is included in the tax base. It is important that each transaction is supported by documentation such as screenshots, exchange reports, receipts, and contracts. Additionally, these assets should be recorded on the balance sheet as property, and proper internal controls over the movement of digital assets must be ensured.