Do you have to pay tax if you just hold cryptocurrency?

Ownership of cryptocurrency as such does not constitute a taxable event in the Russian Federation. Pursuant to Federal Law No. 259-FZ, digital currency is recognized as property; however, tax liability arises only upon receipt of income—for example, through the sale, exchange, or other disposition of cryptocurrency that results in an economic benefit to the owner. Accordingly, if cryptocurrency is merely held in a wallet and is not involved in transactions generating income, no tax obligation arises. Nevertheless, the taxpayer is required to declare and pay taxes as soon as a transaction involving cryptocurrency results in income.